Tag Archives: Robert Weiss

What is Love Addiction?

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Melissa Killeen

When hearing the word “addiction,” most of us tend to think of alcoholism and substance abuse, as opposed to addictive behaviors like eating, spending, gambling, video gaming, sex and love. Nevertheless, people can and do become addicted to highly pleasurable, self-soothing behaviors just as they can become addicted to pleasurable, self-soothing substances – both have the same problematic results.

Individuals may turn to alcohol, prescription medications or illegal substances as a way to self-medicate or to numb out in order to avoid stress and/or emotional discomfort. These same individuals may also turn to an intensely pleasurable pattern of behavior as readily as turning to a substance. Let’s say it is like selecting to watch a X rated movie instead of drinking a glass of vodka.

Love addiction is a human behavior that is indeed a highly pleasurable, self-soothing behavior, a behavior through which some people have become addicted to the feeling of being in love. Love addicts can take on many different behaviors. Love addicts will spend much time and effort on a person to whom they are addicted. Love addicts value this person above themselves, and their focus on the beloved person can be described as obsessive.

This behavior results in love addicts neglecting to care for themselves. They instead, say, attend rock concerts of a beloved musician who does not know the love addict even exists, recreating an image of not who that loved person is, but perhaps a re-creation of a parent figure. Love addicts will select to stop seeing their friends in exchange for staying with the beloved person, only. Love addicts may lose weight, change their hair color or purchase a new wardrobe to suit the beloved. In essence, abandoning important aspects of their lives and well-being in order to stay connected to the object of their affection. Some love addicts find that when not involved in a love-addicted relationship they are able to care for themselves quite adequately, visit with friends and enjoy independence. However, when they become involved, the love addict quickly finds that their self-care capacity steadily declines. Love addiction is common, for men as well as women, however, most love addicts do not realize they are addicted to love.

The simple truth is that addictive behaviors trigger the same basic neurochemical response as drugs. Behavioral addictions create mood-related neurochemicals like dopamine, serotonin, and oxytocin, resulting in feelings of pleasure, anticipation and distraction. This intense neurochemical response to addictive behaviors provides temporary escape and relief. Over time, some individuals learn that the easiest way to avoid feelings of stress and emotional discomfort is to engage in a highly pleasurable and potentially addictive behavior. Eventually they start to use those behaviors not to feel better, but to feel less or to numb out. This is a sure sign of addiction. So the only significant difference between substance and behavioral addictions is that substance addicts ingest alcohol or drugs to create a neurochemical reaction, while behavioral addicts create their own dopamine, serotonin, oxytocin, and other mood-related neurochemicals to enjoy their own intensely pleasurable fantasy or activity – no substance necessary. Love addicts are addicted to dopamine, serotonin, and oxytocin and can create these chemicals naturally in their body – with no need to leave home!

Could I be a love addict?

Adult love addicts usually recognize that when they were children, their most precious needs for validation, love and connection were not met by one or both of their parents. People can become love addicts due to a past history of abandonment from their primary caregivers or people close to them. To further confuse matters, a love addict may display love-addictive behavior toward a parent, their children, siblings, or friends, commonly referred to as enmeshment, which is not always related to romantic love or sexual interactions.

These addictive experiences result in low self-esteem, a conscious fear of abandonment and a subconscious fear of intimacy. To a love addict, intensity in a relationship is often mistaken for intimacy and love. Some symptoms of love addiction include love at first sight, excessive fantasizing about a romantic partner, and abnormal jealousy. Love addicts may find themselves living with a partner who is emotionally unavailable, abusive or dishonest. Many times a love addict will engage in sex with a potential partner, hoping that individual will love them.

Many sex addicts cannot see the role love addiction plays in their compulsive behavior. The fusion of sex addiction and love addiction is separated after years of therapeutic treatment for sex addiction, and the addict has begun to resolve the reasons for his or her compulsive sexual behaviors. This does not happen immediately, as it may take five to ten years to enter the maintenance stage of recovery from sex addiction. Many people give up on such a long duration of clinical support, and thus love and relationship addiction remains a hidden epidemic.

Dr. Susan Campbell, author of nine books on relationships and conflict resolution has written the Love Addiction Quiz. If you answer “yes” to more than two of these questions, you should take a serious look at learning more about love addiction and its treatment.

  1. Are you in a break up and then make up cycle with a romantic partner?
  2. Do you often think to yourself that this person is not good for you?
  3. Do any of your close friends tell you that this person is not good for you?
  4. After you two have been apart for a few days, do you get to a point where you feel empty or lost without this person?
  5. During the days immediately following a breakup with this person, do you experience difficulty sleeping, eating, or carrying out other self-care activities?
  6. Do you need emotional intensity in order to feel alive?
  7. Do you feel “high” when the two of you re-connect after a fight or a falling out?

As with any addiction, recovery from love addiction is a process of self-discovery. It requires taking specific steps: breaking through denial and acknowledging the addiction; owning the harmful consequences of the addiction; and intervening to stop the addictive cycle from occurring. The first step should be learning more about love addiction. Here are some excellent books on the topic:

The next step is to find a 12-step support group in your area. Susan Peabody, therapist, and author of Addiction to Love, started the 12-step program Love Addicts Anonymous. Additionally, another 12-step meeting for love addiction is Sex & Love Addicts Anonymous (SLAA).

Like drug addicts, love addicts experience withdrawal symptoms. Sadness, depression, excessive sleepiness, or suicidal thoughts are part of this withdrawal process. Working with a therapist can be the most important step to help guide the love addict through the process of recovery. Guiding a person through childhood experiences of abandonment, navigating through the feelings of pain, fear, anger and emptiness requires a skilled therapist trained in love and sex addiction.

Next week, our blog post is about pornography addiction.


Resources used in this blog:

Robert Weiss LCSW, CSAT-S (12.2.14) Understanding Process (Behavioral) Addictions, Counselor Magazine for Addiction Professionalshttp://blog.counselormagazine.com/2014/12/understanding-process-behavioral-addictions/

Dr. Susan Campbell (3.13.13) A Few Telltale Signs of Love Addiction, Psych Central,http://psychcentral.com/blog/archives/2013/03/13/a-few-telltale-signs-of-love-addiction/

Alexandra Katehakis, MFT, CST, CSAT,(5.26.13) What is Love Addiction? Psych Central, http://psychcentral.com/blog/archives/2013/05/26/what-is-love-addiction/

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What the Heck Is Sex and Relationship Rehab?

Part 3
by Robert Weiss LCSW, CSAT-S

(The following post is the final of three taken from Robert Weiss’s article, What the Heck Is Sex and Relationship Rehab?)

What Defines a Good Sex Rehab?

For the last 25 years or so, there have been a relatively consistent number of U.S.-based residential and intensive outpatient treatment centers specializing in sexual addiction and related intimacy disorders. These facilities have routinely provided useful, accurate care. At the same time, the number of individual clinicians treating sexual and romantic addiction has increased significantly, mostly related to the escalating numbers of people self-reporting problems with Internet porn, webcam sex, and similar tech-driven sexual/romantic behaviors. Similarly, many generalized addiction and mental health treatment facilities now list “sexual addiction treatment” as a specialty — even though it really is not. Yes, it makes for good marketing, but very often these facilities are not set up to treat sex and relationship addictions. In reality, the number of facilities that are able to effectively treat sex and relationship addiction is limited.

So how can one distinguish a solid, useful residential sex and love addiction treatment center from all the rest? Here are a few clues:

1. The treatment center should have a dedicated, separate treatment program for clients who have sex and relationship addiction problems. This should not be a track in a larger behavioral or substance addiction treatment program, nor should it be a mixed group with other kinds of addicts. To be effective, a sex and relationship addiction facility needs a dedicated treatment group and program.

2. At least 75 percent of the staff providing treatment should be certified in the treatment of sexual addiction — not as sex therapists, but as sexual addiction specialists.

3. The program should have a proven track record of success, including former clients who are willing to anonymously speak about their experience receiving treatment there.

4. The treatment program should have both addiction and mental health specialists on staff.

5. The program should be gender separate.

6. There should be a strong treatment component in support of spouses, family members and caring others.

If a sex and relationship addiction/intimacy disorders treatment program meets all of the above criteria, it is likely you are on the right track as far as finding a good program for yourself or a loved one.

It is important to note that after completing inpatient treatment, most sex addicts need continued work with a sex addiction treatment specialist, including both individual and group sessions, if they plan to maintain sexual sobriety over the long haul. For these individuals, it is essential that a personalized aftercare plan be formulated and implemented before the addict leaves the treatment center and the temptations of home can take effect. After all, once the addict returns home, he or she will inevitably be confronted with the same temptations that led to treatment in the first place. So putting an external safety net in place before the person goes home is essential. This is a standard component of any good treatment center, regardless of the addiction being treated.

Robert Weiss LCSW, CSAT-S is Senior Vice President of Clinical Development with Elements Behavioral Health.  He has developed clinical programs for The Ranch in Nunnelly, Tennessee, Promises Treatment Centers in Malibu, and is the founder of the Sexual Recovery Institute in Los Angeles. Mr. Weiss is an author of Cruise Control: Understanding Sex Addiction in Gay Men, and co-author with Dr. Jennifer Schneider of both Untangling the Web: Sex, Porn, and Fantasy Obsession in the Internet Age and the upcoming 2013 release, Closer Together, Further Apart: The Effect of Technology and the Internet on Sex, Intimacy and Relationships. He contributes regularly to PsychCentral.com, writing primarily about sex addiction, and The Huffington Post, writing primarily about the intersection of technology with sex and intimacy.You can contact Robert Weiss at: http://www.robertweissmsw.com/

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What the Heck Is Sex and Relationship Rehab?

Part 2
by Robert Weiss LCSW, CSAT-S

(The following post is the second of three taken from Robert Weiss’s article, What the Heck Is Sex and Relationship Rehab?)

Inpatient (Residential) Treatment: Sex Rehab Basics

A common misperception about residential rehab facilities (of all types) is that the addicts who complete these programs will have their problems resolved when they leave treatment. This is not the case. We don’t expect any addict entering rehab to be cured when he or she leaves treatment; rather, we hope that the addict leaves better prepared — with greater emotional strength, social support and shame resilience — for the longer-term, ongoing process of addiction recovery.

The primary goals of sex rehab are:

  • To temporarily separate the addict from the people, places and things that trigger addictive sexual behaviors
  • To clearly delineate, in writing, which sexual behaviors are problematic
  • To confront and address denial about the danger/harm/losses related to the addict’s problematic sexual and romantic behavior patterns (past, current and future)
  • To help the addict gain insight into the consequences of his or her sexual behavior, thereby gaining empathy toward those he or she has harmed (self and others)
  • To provide clear, workable, relapse-prevention tools
  • To encourage participation in lifelong, ongoing recovery from sexual addiction, which often includes long-term individual therapy, group therapy, and/or 12-step involvement

Essentially, residential treatment is a first step on the pathway of lasting sexual sobriety and a satisfying life of personal integrity. Treatment seeks to interrupt long-established compulsive sexual and/or relationship behavior patterns while providing a safe, structured opportunity for building both the awareness and the coping mechanisms required for healing.

What Happens in Residential Sexual Addiction Treatment?

Many people enter sex rehab expecting that the identification and resolution of childhood trauma will be their primary focus. However, this traditionally useful therapeutic approach is often counterproductive at such an early stage of addiction treatment. Helping addicts gain insight into their childhood trauma, while serving to reduce shame, does not provide the concrete tools needed to cope with life on life’s terms without returning to sexual acting out as a way to self-soothe and self-medicate. So, first things first. And the first thing to do in sex rehab is to identify and stop the problematic sexual behaviors. Later, after the addict has established a modicum of sobriety, a therapist can help the patient deal with childhood trauma and other underlying psychological issues. Usually this occurs in a longer-term outpatient treatment setting.

The rehab process starts with a thorough psychological assessment. Careful evaluation explores and evaluates nearly every aspect of the addict’s life. After that, treatment typically focuses on three main issues:

  1. Separating the addict from his or her harmful sexual behavior
  2. Breaking through the denial used to make that behavior acceptable (to the addict)
  3. Raising awareness of when the addict is most likely to act out, and offering concrete coping mechanisms to use instead

Recovering sex addicts nearly always require external reinforcement and support if they wish to eliminate deeply ingrained behavior patterns. Group therapy, begun in residential rehab, starts this process. It is in these settings that addicts are able to clearly see, often for the first time, that their problems are not unique and they are not alone. This helps to reduce the guilt, shame and remorse that sex addicts experience in relation to their behaviors. The group format is also ideal for confronting the denial that all sex addicts develop. Group level confrontations are powerful not only for the person being confronted, but for the addicts doing the confronting. Through these interactions, everyone present learns how rationalization and justification sustain addiction. Last but not least, addicts are able to learn from and reinforce with one another which interventions and coping mechanisms work best, based on their own and other group members’ experiences.

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